Health and safety representatives and health and safety committees

The primary role of a HSR is to represent the health and safety interests of a work group and to raise any issues with their employer.

The powers and functions of HSRs are covered under the Work Health and Safety Act 2011 (WHS Act).

The role of a HSR is generally limited to their own work group unless:

• there is a serious risk to health or safety (created by an immediate hazard) affecting workers from another work group
• a worker in another work group asks for the HSR's assistance, and the HSR for that other work group isn’t unavailable.

An elected HSR is entitled to perform the following tasks for the work group:

• undertake workplace inspections
• review the circumstances of workplace incidents
• accompany a WHSQ inspector during an inspection
• accompany a WHS entry permit holder if the reason for the entry relates to the work group or part of the workplace where a worker in the work group works
• represent the work group in health and safety matters
• attend an interview about health and safety matters with a worker from the work group (with the consent of the worker)
• request that a HSC be established
• participate in a HSC
• monitor compliance measures
• investigate work health and safety complaints from work group members
• inquire into any risk to the health and safety of workers in the work group
• issue provisional improvement notices and direct a worker to cease unsafe work (where the HSR has completed the required training).

Section 70 (1) (c) of the Work Health and Safety Act 2011 (the WHS Act) provides that a HSR can access information held by a person conducting a business or undertaking (PCBU) that relates to -

• hazards (including associated risks) at the workplace affecting workers in the work group
• the health and safety of the workers in the work group.

The information a HSR may require can differ between workplaces, for example, a HSR may request access to:

• information relating to any work-related incident or disease, including statistical records, such as an injury register
• an asbestos register and asbestos management plan, which a person with management or control of a workplace must ensure ready access to the HSR at any time
• health and safety policies and procedures, including Safe Work Method Statements
• safety data sheets for the chemicals that are used in the workplace
• technical specifications for equipment regarding noise, vibration or radiation emission
• results of occupational hygiene measurements, including dust levels, noise levels or chemical fumes
• records of risk assessments conducted at the workplace
• reports on work health and safety matters, including reports prepared by consultants for the PCBU
• minutes of health and safety committee meetings
• information provided by manufacturers and suppliers about plant, equipment or substances at the workplace
• health monitoring information that does not contain personal or medical information about a worker.

Under section 71(2) of the WHS Act, a HSR is not entitled to access personal or medical information concerning a worker that identifies the worker, without the worker's consent. Section 71(7) of the WHS Act provides that the PCBU may also refuse to grant access to information that is 'confidential commercial information'. 'Confidential commercial information' is defined in the dictionary contained in Schedule 5 of the WHS Act as information about a trade secret, or financial information or other information that has a commercial value and, if disclosed, will cause significant financial harm to a business or undertaking. This could include information that a business generates about its own activities, such as:

• profit margins
• costs of production and pricing data
• sales statistics
• customer and supplier lists
• sources of supply
• market projections
• details of promotional strategies and expansion plans
• information about customer requirements
• details of a business entity's current negotiations; and
• negotiated prices paid by customers.

'Confidential information' is defined under Schedule 5 of the WHS Act and means:

• information about a trade secret, or
• financial information or other information that has commercial value and, if disclosed, will cause significant financial harm to a business or undertaking.

Whether information is a 'trade secret' is a matter of fact that is to be determined in each particular case. A ‘trade secret’ may include information on the production of goods and services such as inventions (e.g. a tool), manufacturing processes, chemical formulae, engineering and design drawings, craft secrets and recipes.

Under subsections 70(1)(ga) and (h) a PCBU must also inform a HSR if an entry permit holder or inspector has entered a workplace and their reason for attending the workplace.

Note: A PCBU must also permit a HSR to accompany an entry permit holder or inspector when they enter a workplace.

If a PCBU refuses to provide a HSR with information they are entitled to, any party to the issue may request that the regulator appoint an inspector to assist in resolving the matter. Alternatively, the matter can be referred directly to the Queensland Industrial Relations Commission for resolution.

A work group is a group of workers who share a similar work situation; the HSR represents the health and safety interests of the workers in that group. A worker or group of workers can ask the PCBU they are carrying out work for to facilitate the election of one or more HSRs.

How many work groups can exist?

The WHS Act allows for one, or more, work groups at each workplace. The workers and the PCBU can negotiate how many work groups are required for their workplace, based on factors such as:

• the nature of the hazards and risks of the work being carried out
• the areas where work is carried out
• the times when work is carried out.

Refer to section 17 of the Work Health and Safety Regulation 2011 (WHS Regulation) for a full list of factors.

Workers should be grouped in a way that allows the most effective and convenient representation of their health and safety interests. The HSR should be readily accessible to each worker in the group.

For example, a manufacturing workplace may decide that it will have two work groups, reflecting the different health and safety risks of each group:

• one consisting of all workers in the office
• the other consisting of all manufacturing workers.

Similarly, a work group might consist of workers of the same trade, or it might consist of all workers on the night shift. If agreed, workers from multiple businesses all working on a single site can be part of the same work group which could cover:

• contractors
• labour hire staff
• outworkers
• apprentices.

Election and eligibility

The members of a work group elect their own HSR. All members of the work group are able to vote in an election and the PCBU must provide resources and assistance to carry out the election.

The PCBU must not hinder, prevent or discourage a worker from making a request to elect a HSR.

A PCBU must notify workers in writing that they can request the election of one or more HSRs, the process for determining work groups, the powers and functions of HSRs and invite workers to facilitate the election of one or more HSRs. Workplace Health and Safety Queensland has a factsheet (PDF, 0.13 MB) that can be used in conjunction with Queensland's Worker Representation and Participation Guide (PDF, 0.53 MB) to assist PCBUs notifying workers about electing a HSR.

To be eligible for election, a person must be a member of the work group and not be disqualified from acting as a HSR. Elections for a deputy HSR are carried out in the same way.

The term of a HSR/deputy HSR is three years. However, a HSR or deputy HSR may also cease to hold office if:

• they leave the work group
• they are disqualified from being a HSR
• they resign as a HSR
• the majority of members of the group agree the person should no longer represent them.

HSRs can be re-elected. Elections are not needed when the number of candidates is the same as the number of vacancies.

Negotiating to elect a HSR

If a request is made for the election of a HSR, the PCBU must complete negotiations with workers regarding work groups within 14 days of that request being made. These negotiations will determine the:

• number and composition of work group(s) at the workplace
• number of HSRs and deputy HSRs
• workplace(s) to which the work group(s) apply.

A PCBU must involve a worker's representative, being a suitable entity (e.g. a relevant union) in the negotiations if asked by the worker. The PCBU must also notify workers as soon as practicable of the outcome of the negotiations. At any time, the parties to a work group agreement may negotiate a variation.

An inspector can be requested to assist this process by any person who is a party to the negotiations.

All HSRs must complete an approved five-day training course  within 28 days of their election. If a training course is not reasonably available within this period, the training course must be completed as soon as possible after that.

A HSR will not be able to exercise certain powers until they have completed the five-day training course, including issuing provisional improvement notices and directing workers to cease unsafe work.

Learn more about HSR training.

The employer or PCBU must:

• consult on work health and safety matters with any HSRs for the work group
• allow a HSR to choose their approved training provider
• pay all reasonable costs for approved training the HSR attend
• pay the HSR the amount they would otherwise be entitled to receive if they performed their normal duties for the period the HSR is attending approved training
• provide resources, facilities and assistance to enable the HSR to carry out their functions
• allow a HSR to exercise their entitlements during their ordinary working hours
• keep a current list of all HSRs and deputy HSRs and display a copy at the workplace
• notify WHSQ of their current HSRs by using the Notification of Health and Safety Representative portal.

The following information should be provided:

• name of HSR
• name of work group
• contact phone number
• work address
• email address
• date elected
• copy of any provisional improvement notice issued by your workplace's HSR and details of its status (i.e. completed, withdrawn, ongoing).

The copy must be provided as soon as practicable after the notice is issued.

The Notification of Health and Safety Representative portal is available for PCBUs to notify WHSQ of their current workplaces HSR/s.

HSRs can access information held by a PCBU that relates to:

• hazards (including associated risks) at the workplace affecting workers in the work group
• the health and safety of the workers in the work group.

Displaying a current list of health and safety representatives

Section 74 of the WHS Act states that a PCBU must ensure that a list of health and representatives and deputy health and safety representatives (if any) for the business or undertaking is prepared and kept up-to-date. A copy of the up-to-date list must be displayed in a way that is readily accessible to workers in the relevant work group or work groups:

• at the principal place of business of the business or undertaking
• at any other workplace that is appropriate taking into account the constitution of the relevant work group or work groups.

A copy of this list must also be emailed to the Regulator at WHSnotification@oir.qld.gov.au or by calling 1300 362 128. Please include a contact phone number and email address for each HSR. This information will not be publicly available.

Workplace Health and Safety Queensland

You can request further information from Workplace Health and Safety Queensland by contacting us on:

• Phone: 1300 633 419
• Email: safetyinfo@oir.qld.gov.au

Requesting assistance from an inspector

Certain people at workplaces may request Workplace Health and Safety to appoint an inspector to attend their workplace to assist with resolving an issue.

Learn more on when and how to request assistance from an inspector.

Queensland Council of Unions (QCU) – HSR Support Service

For confidential PCBU and worker representative support, contact the QCU HSR Support Service. This service offers support to all appropriately elected and trained HSRs in Queensland on matters relating to consultation, representation and participation.

• Phone: (07) 3010 2555
• Email: info@hsrsupport.org.au
• Website: https://hsrsupport.org.au/
• Facebook: Qld HSR Facebook Discussion Group

The primary purpose of a committee is to help departments, managers, and workers to collaborate on and resolve health and safety concerns.

They do this by:

• providing a place for committee members to discuss health and safety issues
• developing plans or procedures to resolve issues
• recommending corrective actions to reduce hazards.

A HSC can be established by a business or employer, or when requested by:

• a health and safety representative,
• five or more workers, or
• when required by the WHS Regulation.